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Who will save the children of Akwa Ibom?

Who will save the children of Akwa Ibom?
My Naija News - Sunday, 21 December 2008

Local Missing Children

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I am outraged by the way the children are treated. Labeled as witches by Evangelical pastors to extort money from their parents. Starved, tortured, abandoned and even killed because their parents are afraid. Something needs to be done about this. This needs to stop! PLEASE CONSIDER SIGNING THE PETITIONS FOR THE CHILDREN.

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Friday, February 29, 2008

The dark side of faith in Africa

The town of Yelwa sits squarely in the "middle belt" of Nigeria, an area where the Christian majority south and the Muslim majority north grind away at each other in spasms of religious violence that would make an inquisitor blush. An article in the current Atlantic Monthly "God's Country" by Eliza Griswold, recounts one of these episodes of religious violence.

There were bullet-ridden bodies strewn around. A church was set on fire by an arsonist's hand. Then the school and the nursery were set ablaze. Members of the congregation were shot by armed gunman. In all, 78 Christians were killed and placed in a mass grave. Fortunately, the pastor of the destroyed church survived but lost seven members of his family that day. This was the result of a coordinated attack on a Christian church by Muslims in the Nigerian town of Yelwa. A week later, Yelwa was surrounded by hundreds of armed men, some sporting tags identifying them as members of the Christian Association of Nigeria.

What followed was a two day orgy of retribution resulting in the massacre of patients in a clinic and 660 deaths. The Muslim women and children of Yelwa were rounded up, taken to nearby villages and were raped for weeks. Nigerian soldiers eventually went from hut to hut and released these victims but 50 of these women never made it back to their families.

Scenes like these are not new to Africa. The Muslim contribution to religious violence on the continent of Africa is well documented and has received extensive coverage in the Western media. However, the role of Western and African Christian leaders in these conflicts has been overlooked.

Take the Anglican Archbishop of Nigeria, Peter Akinola's response to the inter-communal violence that I mentioned earlier. Instead of delivering a message of reconciliation he said, "The church says turn the other cheek, but now there is no other cheek to turn." Then, Rick Warren, author of the hugely successful book "The Purpose Driven Life" thought he ought to chime in. In an article for Time, the pudgy pastor of disaster wrote a piece on Peter Akinola that made one wait in anticipation for them to French kiss. In only 235 words, he was able to offer Akinola tacit support for ethnic cleansing. He called Peter Akinola, a brave "biblical" man who, "…has been criticized for recent remarks of frustration[…]" toward Muslim-Christian violence, "But Christians are routinely attacked in parts of Nigeria."

When an unequivocal condemnation of the violence on both sides was needed, Akinola and Warren decided to appeal to sectarianism. Bravo. But I have to be fair to Archbishop Akinola. It would be difficult for him to have done otherwise. After all, he is the head of the Christian Association of Nigeria, the very same group whose members took part in retaliatory attack on the Muslims of Yelwa. I wonder if Rick Warren knew that?

"Well Othman, that is one silly example," you say. Well here are some more. Pat Robertson, one of the most prominent Evangelical figures in the United States, invested in a gold mining venture in Liberia with its leader Charles Taylor. Charles Taylor is responsible for the deaths of tens of thousands of Liberians and is now on trial for crimes against humanity. The Guardian reported that hundreds of young Nigerian children are being killed and thousands more permanently scarred by parents who are convinced by their pastors that their kids are witches. If they don't have the money for an exorcism, they are told to get rid of them.

The article goes on further to say, "it is American and Scottish Pentecostal and Evangelical missionaries of the past 50 years who have shaped these beliefs." If one believes that demons can possess people and God can induce you to speak in tongues in church as many Pentecostals do, is it really that hard to convince someone that their child is a witch?

In America, there are religious groups that ignorantly sound off on foreign conflicts or purposely exploit people or reinforce local customs with their poisoned theology. Groups and individuals who cause harm through their preaching should be brought to justice in the U.S. Just because these abuses occur in Africa does not mean that we should ignore them.

Monday, February 25, 2008

A young boy’s ordeal—the story of Iyagu, a former child domestic worker

UNICEF Image
© UNICEF Nigeria/2004/Sarah Epstein
Iyagu, 12, who was trafficked into child labor at the age of eight, has now been reunited with his family and is back in school. His schooling is supported by MELPWOOD, a UNICEF-funded NGO.

ENUGU, Nigeria, 11 June 2004—Iyagu sits in a rehabilitated old church building as the afternoon sunlight streams through the open windows. He is 12 years old and speaks in hushed tones. Gradually, he feels more comfortable and begins to recount his horrifying experiences as a child domestic worker.

After the death of Iyagu's father, his mother and her eight children were left in financial difficulty. His mother decided to allow Iyagu to go with an acquaintance, who promised to take him to Alloh, where he would receive an education and earn some money. Iyagu was sent far from his home, to live with people he had never met, at just eight years of age.

"I went on the basis that I would be helping my mother," said Iyagu. "Yet I was afraid because I had never left my house before. I was scared of being used in rituals. I have heard stories about domestic workers disappearing," he added.

"While at this house, I did not get to go to school as was promised. I was made to fetch food for the goats and climb palm trees to gather palm nuts. One day, when I went to the forest to collect these things, I found some bones and got scared. I ran back to the house. Once there, I was beaten because I had not done my job properly," he explained. "They did not treat me well".

UNICEF Image
© UNICEF Nigeria/2004/ Sarah Epstein
Young boys and girls at MELPWOOD learn vocational skills such as knitting and sewing.
The suffering was too much for Iyagu. At nine years old, he ran away to find the man who had taken him to the house. "I told him I wanted to go back home or I would simply die. By chance he sent me back home." When Iyagu returned home, his mother was overcome with joy to have him back. Unfortunately, three of his siblings remain away from home in similar situations.

Thanks to MELPWOOD (Mediation for the Less Privileged and Women's Development, a UNICEF-funded organization that assists orphans and vulnerable children), Iyagu is now learning vocational skills such as sewing, knitting, cooking and how to make soap. Learning skills such as these will enable Iyagu to someday provide for his family and improve their quality of life. In addition, children at MELPWOOD are taught to foresee the signs of exploitation and to be aware of the risks of falling prey to traffickers. The NGO also provides funding for the education of the 55 children now taking part in the project.

The positive efforts of MELPWOOD give hope to thousands of children like Iyagu, who are forced into child labor and deprived of an education. The goal at MELPWOOD is to ensure that every child can go to school and be reunited with his or her family. In this way, their childhoods are being returned to them.

People and Organizations Helping the Children



Child's Right and Rehabilitation Network (CRARN) is a charity organization with a firm belief in, and intent on safeguarding the rights of a child. It was founded in 2003 with a view to reducing the alarming rate of street and abandoned children and to ensure their rehabilitation, including other vulnerable children, particularly in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

The CRARN children's camp was establhed in 2003 when 7 abandoned children were rescued from the hands of violent gangs who were intent on killing them due to the belief that they were 'witches' and 'wizards'. Despite threats on us from these irate youths we came together to shelter them and prevent them from being attacked. Initially we helped to house these children in disused market stalls, however in the last 4 years the camp has grown significantly to accommodate around 120 children.
The number of these children is increasing sharply because every day about 4-6 children are stigmatized as possessing witchcraft spell and forced out of their homes. This act is usually the handy work of increasing number of fake and hungry prophets and witch Doctors. While on the street and bushes, they face constant attack from members of the public. Some children are killed before we arrive to rescue them, as rescue mission is always difficult due to lack of proper mechanism or logistics to carry out the mission.



The CRARN camp is a happy place and a safe haven for some of the areas numerous abandoned and orphaned children. We provide accomodation, food, medicine, love and security an ever growing number of these children. At the moment accomodation is provided in one housing block which is extremely cramped and at full capacity. In the future we hope to be able to provide more accomodation for the growing number of street children in the form of small scale housing units, each housing 8 children.
Each child is given two good meals a day. Their diet consists of a mixture of garri, rice, beans, vegetables and fruit. We have a small area of land which is farmed. At the moment we produce a small quantity of waterleaf, plantain, pumpkin, and pineapple. However this makes a relatively small contribution towards feeding so many hungry children! The most malnourished children are given a food supplement called complan.
The children at the camp have a wide range of medical problems and injuries brought about by beatings and rape endured on the street, lack of food and poor access to any basic health care. Conditions that the children have include epilepsy, worms, tuberculosis, scabies, malaria and severe psychological trauma. CRARN is constantly struggling to meet these basic needs. Health care in Nigeria is not free, unlike in many developed nations, and the costs of hospital visits to treat the children is very high and time consuming. Despite this we have had many success stories and have effectively rehabilitated the health of numerous children.






Stepping Stones Nigeria works in partnership with local organizations in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria to build sustainable futures for some of the region's many disadvantaged children. Our approach focuses on four main areas:

Street Children: Working with the Child Rights and Rehabilitation Network (CRARN) to meet the needs of abandoned street children who have been stigmatized as being "witches" or "wizards"

Education: Supporting the Stepping Stones Model school to provide an outstanding level of education to orphans and disadvantaged children

Literacy: Training and resourcing primary school teachers in the use of synthetic phonics to significantly raise literacy levels

Advocacy and Campaigning: Advocating for child rights at a local, regional, national and international level whilst campaigning for the prevention of the abandonment of children through the PACT campaign.




Pam Dickson has earned quite a name for herself by reporting on the activities of area socialites. Dickson serves as the social columnist for The Tribune with her weekly column, “Out And About.” But readers may be interested to know that she is just as comfortable walking the halls of an orphanage in Nigeria as she is when she enters a banquet hall.

“People often ask me, ‘Why do you have to go outside of this country when there is plenty of poverty right here?’” said Dickson.

Dickson talked to members of the Rotary Club of Humble Intercontinental about the extent of the poverty in Nigeria and she presented a slide show from a recent humanitarian trip to the Ministry of Mercy Orphanage in the small town of Otutulu.

She said that parts of Nigeria are plagued with political unrest. There are also places where the water is dirty and there is little or no electricity.

Dickson said that the group she works with, Children’s Emergency Relief International, has taken three trips to the area since August of 2006. The group has two more trips planned, which will take medical volunteer and medicine back to the area for approximately nine to 10 days, with two days of travel on each end.

On her first trip, Dickson said that the team saw 850 patients in four-and-a-half days. She said areas such as Lagos and Port Harcourt in the Niger Delta were near the oilfields and that there had been incidents of kidnappings in those areas.

At the Ministry of Mercy Orphanage that Dickson visited on her most recent trip, the ‘nannies’ who look after the children had to cope with rough terrain to get to a creek for water, which they carried back in pails and poured into drums for later use.

She said that they ate, slept, played and went to the restroom in the same general area, so the nannies scrubbed the concrete slabs frequently. She found the Nigerian children friendly and said they spoke English, the official language of Nigeria.

Dickson’s team learned a lot about the people of the area. For example, she said that 40 percent are Christian, 40 percent are Muslim and the rest have varied beliefs, including faith in witchcraft.

“Many of the children are not technically orphans,” said Dickson. “They have parents, but parents are unable to care for the children if they are handicapped or if the parents themselves suffer from AIDS or disease.

Dickson said that albino children were considered handicapped. Nigeria is near the equator and has no natural protection from the sun, causing albinos to be more susceptible to skin cancer.

The orphanage, according to Dickson, also goes through several periods during the year when batches of newborns are dropped off. Surprisingly, Dickson said that in the end, the children and staff at the orphanage are better fed and receive better health care than the surrounding communities.

“We try to go twice a year,” said Dickson.

She said she felt appreciated during the visits and that she felt nothing was more rewarding than to help in an area where without the team, there would be no prenatal care or basic health care.

Dickson has been active in humanitarian and educational organizations in the Kingwood-Humble area since 1994. She has also received recognition for the following: national finalist, “Zero Boundaries” 2006; Haden E. McKay Citizen of the Year Award, 2004; American Heart Association Barbara Newman Humanitarian Award, 2004; American Heart Association Northeast Region, Volunteer of the Year Award, 2003; and the Family Time Women of Achievement Award in 1994.

For information on how you can help Children’s Emergency Relief International, e-mail Dickson at pam@the-dicksons.com.


Students show concern for others

Mar 28, 2008
By Chuck Flagg

Sixth-graders Connor Riland, Anna Macedo, Ryan Tripoli and seventh-graders Sarah Warner and Kaitlin Ramirez collected 21 sponsors for the 'Shoot Out' at St. Mary School.
Elementary schools affiliated with the Roman Catholic Church (often called "parochial schools" because they are generally operated by parishes) have a certain image in the public mind: they are known for emphasizing the basics, adopting high standards, and enforcing strict discipline. But their virtues go far beyond that.

St. Mary School has been educating the youth of Gilroy since 1871. As part of its mission, the school involves students in a variety of community outreach activities which illustrate the Catholic social teaching of working toward "the good and well-being of all, especially the poor and vulnerable."

This goal is illustrated in the campus-wide Lenten Mission Drive just completed, "Nothing But Nets." The students learned about the serious health problem of malaria in underdeveloped parts of Africa. The number of instances of the disease, spread by mosquitoes, can be reduced by the simple process of providing nets treated with insecticide to cover the beds of families who live in mosquito-infested areas.

St. Mary's students ran a fund-raising campaign to provide money for these nets through NothingButNets.net, a nonprofit organization supported by professional athletic leagues. For each $10 donation, a poor villager will receive a bed net. All administrative expenses are paid by the agency.

On March 7, fifth through eighth grade students participated in a "Shoot Out" on the school's athletic field. After collecting pledges from sponsors, the students enthusiastically shot baskets and kicked soccer goals to raise money for this worthy cause. The total amount raised had not been tabulated by press time, but the students shot 1,507 baskets and goals and over $1,500 has been collected thus far.

St. Mary provides many community service opportunities:

n The school's Advent Mission Project was called "Jump Start Oakland." Suggested by a Gilroy alumnus now attending St. Mary's College in Moraga, students raised funds to purchase supplies for preschools in poor neighborhoods of Oakland.

n Each year at Thanksgiving students focus on support for St. Joseph's Family Center, the interfaith food pantry and meal program housed in a building next door to the school. Each class strives to collect different food items - last Thanksgiving, students collected ten carts full of groceries plus enough money to buy dozens of turkeys.

n Last year, the students donated funds to Operation Smile, a nonprofit organization that provides surgical procedures to correct disfiguring cleft palates in children. Working with an internet site that matched donations, the school was able to provide funds for 65 operations that cost $240 each.

n A few years ago the students heard from Father Felix Epathemi, a visiting priest from Nigeria who was assigned to Gilroy, about abandoned orphans cared for by the Archdiocese of Obadan. Through car washes, lemonade sales, and other humble efforts they presented his archdiocese with $10,000 for his work when he returned home.

n In years past, the seventh grade religion class decided to help day workers who gathered in front of Home Depot. Heeding Jesus' call to "feed the hungry," they prepared bag lunches and delivered them to the workers early in the morning before class.

n More recently, goods like socks, toiletries, blankets and sleeping bags were delivered to the National Guard Armory to help those who needed shelter during the cold and wet winter evenings.

Service to others is also an integral part of the school's curriculum - many courses contain specific units of instruction related to Catholic teachings. For instance, "Lights, Camera, Action" requires groups of students to choose an important issue and an agency addressing it (like homelessness and Habitat for Humanity). After research and study, the group creates a billboard, Web site or public service announcement to "communicate and enlighten audiences on this tenet."

Cecile Mantecon, a seventh and eighth grade teacher and the school's Religion Coordinator, says that the school wants students to "respond to the message of Christ in daily life. They need to understand that they are no longer just responsible for their own well-being. When they learn that it feels good to be selfless, they will continue to live their lives in service to others."


Africans Unite Against Child Abuse

Bebor Model Primary and Nursery School

The Timmy Foundation

The Child Rights and Rehabilitation Network

The Consortium for Street Children

Double Joy Children's Farm, Kenya

The Global Literacy Project

The Sustainable Development Network

The Stakeholder Democracy Network

The University of Uyo


Write a letter to Liberty Gospel Church ( One of the "churches" responsible for the kids ordeal ).


Write a second letter to the pentecostal fellowship so that other groups using the same tactic could be shamed into stopping as well.


A sample letter is also provided.

Help child victims of torture by writing a letter of protest





Campaign to help Nigerian children accused of witchcraft


Becoming: a sacred gathering and the Chesapeake Pagan Community are working together on a six-month campaign to raise funds and knit toys of love, healing, and protection for these children. Funds will be donated to Stepping Stones Nigeria, a UK-based organization that sponsors a shelter and school run by Nigerian organization Child Rights and Rehabilitation Network (CRARN). The toys will be sent directly to the children.

We need your help to make a difference in these children’s lives.

If you are a knitter or crocheter in the NoVa, DC, Suburban MD, or Baltimore area, you can help by knitting bears and gathering pledged donations. Our initial kick-off meeting for this campaign is March 30, 2008, 1:30pm, in Beltsville, Maryland. If you cannot attend this meeting, you can still participate in the campaign.

If you are not a knitter, you can donate directly to this campaign via PayPal or check, and volunteer at some of our outreach events.

You can register as a knitter or donate to the campaign at http://charity.becomingdc.org/.

For more information about this campaign or to keep up with our progress, check out the web site or contact Angela Roberts Reeder at angela@becomingdc.org.

Please spread the word. Together the pagan community can make a huge difference in these children’s lives.


Evergreen Center for Street Children (ECSC)

Contact data:

P.O Box 1531 Mushin
Lagos
23401
Nigeria
Tel: 2348033291868
Email: davejohn2k4@yahoo.com

Year established:

2006

No. Staff:

2

Main contact:

Adebayo Olanrewaju (davejohn2k4@yahoo.com)

Membership No:

3764

Organization aims and activities: To eradicate street living among African children, to fight for the right of African child and to build a better tomorrow for children through seminars and workshop.


Operational level: Community-based


Works with age groups : Children 0 - 18


Organization type: Child/Youth led organization


Organization mandate: Provide training or education on child rights, Research child rights, Undertake legal casework on behalf of children, Work directly with children, Work in partnership with organizations, Work with media and press


Areas of expertise: Child labor and working children, Children and education, Children and participation, Children and the media, Children and violence, Children in armed conflict, Children in conflict with the law, Children working and living on the street, Individual cases of violations, Rights based programming


Countries in which this organization works: Nigeria


Other organizations based in Nigeria:


Organizations working in similar fields:


Promoting the rights and welfare of African children

Africans Unite Against Child Abuse
is an organization concerned about cruelty against the African Child. We are the premier organization promoting the welfare of African children in the UK. We also work in partnership with other organizations in Africa and across Europe.

Sunday, February 24, 2008

Street Children - Nigeria

Prevalence, Abuse & Exploitation of Street Children

Federal Republic of Nigeria [ Country-by-Country Reports ]

The Federal Republic of Nigeria is located in W Africa [map] and is bordered by the Gulf of Guinea (an arm of the Atlantic Ocean) (S), by Benin (W), by Niger (NW & N), by Chad (NE), and by Cameroon (E). Abuja is its capital and Lagos is its largest city. The largely subsistence agricultural sector has failed to keep up with rapid population growth - Nigeria is Africa's most populous country - and the country, once a large net exporter of food, now must import food.

CAUTION: The following links and accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation in Nigeria. Some of these links may lead to websites that present allegations that are unsubstantiated or even false. No attempt has been made to validate their authenticity or to verify their content.

Quick Search for Missing Children - Select Gender, Country (Nigeria), and Years Missing

UNICEF - The Big Picture

U.S. Dept of Labor Bureau of International Labor Affairs

INCIDENCE AND NATURE OF CHILD LABOR - In urban areas, children work as domestic servants, street hawkers, vendors, beggars, scavengers, shoe shiners, car washers/watchers, and bus conductors.

Bur of Democracy, Human Rights & Labor - Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2005

SECTION 6 WORKER RIGHTS – [d] Economic hardship resulted in high numbers of children working to enhance meager family income. Children frequently were employed as beggars, street peddlers, bus conductors, and domestic servants in urban areas. Little data was available to analyze the incidence of child labor. The National Modular Child Labor Survey Nigeria conducted the only survey available between 2000 and 2001. The survey reported approximately 15 million children working in the country. Of these, more than six million were not attending school and more than two million were working 15 or more hours per day.

Concluding Observations of the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) - 2005

[69] In view of the increasing number of children living and working on the street and street families, the Committee regrets the lack of information about specific mechanisms and measures to address their situation.

[73] The Committee notes with appreciation the State party’s ratification of the ILO Convention No. 138 concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment and the ILO Convention No. 182 concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor in October 2002. However, it remains concerned at the significant number of children in Nigeria working as domestic servants, in plantations, in the mining and quarrying sector, and as beggars on the streets.

Sisters Unite for Street Children

Ibrahim Tijani, a young boy of 17 said that he used to sleep under the bridge in Oshodi sometimes under a car or a bus or inside a dry gutter. He does not know his parents as he was left alone by his parents when he was three years old. He started attending the Fountain of Life Church, Oshodi where they took a particular interest in him because they thought he was well behaved. He worshipped with them every time especially on Fridays for the night vigils and Sundays for worship. They acomodated him and promised to help him settle down. Eventually, after two years of which he did not run away, a member of the church took him to the Child Life Line Center, Ibeshe vilage, Ikorodu where he currently resides. Since he is an old boy, he is learning the art of welding while the Center takes care of his other needs.

For Street Children, What Kind of Future?

The problem of street children in several cities in Nigeria, especially, Lagos, the commercial nerve center of the country, appears to have defied every solution. However, a private initiative, geared towards empowering their parents and enrolling the street kids in schools may resolve the age-long practice, if supported by the citizenry.

Pupils of Precious Childcare Foundation during an anniversary

“In some cases, their parents sent them out to go and bring money in; in fact, they had become bread winners for their parents and some are just abandoned children right from childhood. So I went through these experiences and I felt that something should be done to take care of this category of children,” she explained in an interview with the Nigerian Tribune.

Therefore, Princess Adetokunbo Wande Abimbola established a non-governmental organization called Precious Childcare Foundation (PCF) in 1995 with the objective of educating and empowering the abandoned and neglected children as well as highlighting the social and health problems facing this group with a view to finding solutions to them.

It is a big mistake to be barren and not adopt

For many years, the state of the Nigerian child has never been one of good tidings. In spite of public and private efforts geared at alleviating the sufferings of the Nigerian child, the reality stares us in the face with children still hawking wares on the street, many too numerous to estimate not being in school and many at birth abandoned to fate on street corners and on rubbish heaps. Those who are lucky among these categories of people have landed in the padded arms of Rev. Mrs Dele George and hubby, co founders of the Strong Tower Mission who for years, have been on a mission to rescue abandoned children.

What are the issues that make people abandon children? Of course the issue is poverty. I would say that the national income per head in this country is still very low compared to Europe or US in spite of the fact that Nigeria is very blessed with material and mineral resources and even manpower.

Area Boys -- A Growing Menace On The Streets Of Lagos



A group of armed street children is on the rampage in the streets of Lagos, harassing motorists and pedestrians and extorting money from them.

SORRY STORY OF NIGERIA’S STREET KIDS: Wasted by poverty in the land
Their outlook paints a vivid picture of their state of helplessness. They appear unkempt and totally hopeless of what the future holds. In their tattered clothes, they find homes in the most filthy and awkward places like abandoned buildings, under overhead bridges and school premises. Usually, they retire to these “abodes” at dusk and dash out early in the morning before the prying eyes of security agents or the rightful owners of the structures turn out for business.

Consortium for Street Children

Children work as vendors or hawkers, beggars, shoe shiners, car washers and watchers, head-loaders, scavengers and bus conductors. The majority are boys but there are a few girls. Street families, a variant of street living, are also becoming prominent

Dateline Nigeria — Tomorrow Can Wait

The entire urban landscape of Nigeria is filled with beggars and street children. Asking, begging, appealing for aid in daytime — and becoming aggressive, dangerous and violent in the cover of night.

ANPPCAN Nigeria Chapter [DOC]

NGO PERIODIC REPORT FOR NIGERIA - The number of children who live and sleep on the streets has been on the increase in most major urban areas in Nigeria. There are so many locations in which children are found to be living on the street. Street families are also becoming prominent in certain urban slum areas. These destitute families can be found living under bridges, in public toilets and in markets. Their children too are in extremely precarious condition and urgently require intervention and assistance.

Information on the Child Welfare League Of Nigeria [PDF]

In Lagos alone there are over 100,000 boys and girls living in the streets. Under very harsh condition, they live in slums, market places, by refuse dumps and under bridges.

Social Correlates And Coping Measures Of Street-Children

OBJECTIVE: This paper sought to achieve two objectives: First, to identify the social correlates attributable to street-children in south-western Nigeria as well as predisposing factors to this behavior; second, it also tried to uncover the survival mechanisms of street children.

Patterns Of Psychoactive Substance Use Among Street Children

The nature of continuous exposure to the street and its associated lifestyles make street children vulnerable to the use of psychoactive substances.

Youth Get A Second Chance

1000 youth have been identified for an agricultural project under the ''Good Boys and Good Girls'' program. The youth will be placed on allocated land where they will farm cassava and maize, two of Nigeria's staple foods. They also will receive training in livestock breeding.

VSA Arts of Nigeria

VSA ARTS OF NIGERIA GOES AWAKENING THE CREATIVE OF THE LESS PRIVILEDGED CHILDREN - In a major drive to bring reformations and opportunities to these so called "Street Children" VSA arts of Nigeria has embarked on an Art awareness project at the Juvenile Remand & Rehabilitation center in Ibadan, Oyo state.

The EFA 2000 Assessment: Country Reports - Nigeria - Self Help Effort

12.2.9 RESCUING, REHABILITATION AND RETURNING STREET CHILDREN - The Street Children phenomenon in Nigeria is gradually assuming alarming proportions, particularly in urban areas. The immediate cause of this phenomenon appears to be deeply entrenched poverty

From Domestic Abuse to the Streets

It had been stated that in Nigeria children as young as four or five years old were sometimes taken into families as domestic helpers because their parents were poor or in debt. These children are prone to sexual abuse and exploitation. When ill treated, they run away and end up in the streets where they are vulnerable to commercial sexual exploitation (CSEC). Lagos is reported to have the largest number of such street children in Nigeria.

Nigerian “Shade Tree Theater” with Street Children
Shade Tree Theater is a project with working children in the streets of Jos, Nigeria. It aims at enabling children to analyze problems they encounter and to come up with practical solutions to deal with them.

Street Children's Experiences In The Injustice System [DOC]

Amongst the list of practices that street children in Nigeria complained of in relation to the police was the enforced stripping of clothes even for female children.

Pre-trial detention of children has been found to last as much as one year. Some criminal cases are just left unattended to while children languish away on remand. Children in the homes feel the police have forgotten them there.

Children are not given the chance to speak or defend themselves; Children are held in handcuffs; Sometimes children become hopeless and feel like they want to die; Children do not reply to the police statement.

4. Addressing Child Labor and Promoting Schooling - a. Child Labor Initiatives
UNICEF has established a series of programs for street children in Nigeria and launched a collaborative project with ILO-IPEC specifically aiding the almajirai children. The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) funded a study on street children in 1995, which was implemented by the Child Life Line, a local NGO. The Child Life Line opened centers to rehabilitate street children in Lagos based upon its findings, and in 1999, hosted a workshop to help other NGOs set up effective street children focused programs. Many other NGOs, such as the Child Project, Galilee Foundation, Kingi Kids, the Friends of the Disabled, and the Samaritans are also involved in efforts to rescue and rehabilitate street children.

Street Children And The Juvenile Justice System In Lagos State Of Nigeria

Report discusses the framework for the juvenile justice system in Lagos State and explores the challenges and problems of street children.

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NGO blames churches for child abandonment

Mr Sam Itauma, the president of Child Rights and Rehabilitation Network (CRARN), has blamed the high rate of child trafficking in Akwa Ibom on the activities of religious organisations “who label children as witches”.He told the newsmen in Eket, Akwa Ibom State, that more than 5,000 innocent children in the state had been wrongly labeled as witches “by new generation churches”. He said “such children were abandoned by their kith and kin, who alleged that the children possessed psychic powers.“These so-called men of God feed fat on their gullible members by torturing innocent children to extract confessions from them and then conduct deliverance to prove that they are powerful men of God.“These children are ostracised and left at the mercy of traffickers who pick them up for all sorts of horrible things from rituals to child labour”.The president of the NGO added that although witchcraft was an African belief, he blamed the practice on home movies which portrayed children as witches as responsible for the misfortunes in some families.Itauma maintained that majority of the stigmatised children were innocent and deserved protection. He, however, said there were no facilities to offer shelter and care to such children.He called on the Federal Government to check the proliferation of churches to stem the trend of branding children as witches.In another development, a total of seven petitions have been filed by aggrieved parties at the Edo Local Government Election Petitions Tribunal in Benin.Mr Kayode Igbarago, the secretary of the tribunal told newsmen that the statutory deadline for the filing of petitions before the tribunal closed by midnight of January 14.“No petition can be entertained after 30 days of the election and it is very explicit in the state’s local government law of 2002.“Once the statutory period for filing petitions elapses, as it has happened, no more petition can be entertained by this secretariat”, he said.The secretary, however, explained that for Oredo and Owan-East Local Government, where by-election was conducted on December 22, 2007, the deadline for filing petitions would be extended by one week.Igbarago said of the seven petitions filed, five were by aggrieved PDP members, who were contesting their substitution by the party shortly before the election, while the remaining two were by the Fresh Party candidates.He said the candidates were contesting the chairmanship and councillorship seats in Etsako-East Local Government Council.Our correspondent reports that no Action Congress candidate in the last local government election has filed any petition. The secretary, however, could not immediately say when the tribunal would commence hearing in the petitions.

Poverty, disease and witchcraft in Africa


Craig and Marc Kielburger, Vancouver Sun

Published: Monday, February 18, 2008

Eunice Kimutai doesn't believe in witches. The trouble is, some in her community do.

A retired school teacher near Tanzania's western border, Kimutai now leads the charge in her village to have people tested for HIV.

It's a daunting task, as the elders in her community have taken to telling people who fall ill with the disease that they are possessed by evil spirits.

"When you believe [in] witches, you don't go for a test," the elderly grandmother says. "People say you have to go to a witch doctor instead of going to the hospital."

To counter their claims, Kimutai provides community members with pamphlets on AIDS and encourages those with symptoms of HIV to see a doctor, even though witch doctors are much cheaper than hospitals and have become ingrained in local beliefs.

"When you tell them they have signs of HIV, they say 'no,' " Kimutai explains. "It is very difficult."

Her struggle is the kind that often makes headlines out of central and southern Africa. That's where a mixture of folklore and evangelical Christianity in some communities has spawned a fundamentalist belief in witchcraft and possession by evil spirits, one that's blurring the line between traditional medicine and extreme religion throughout the entire continent.

But assertions by the United Nations and others about the rampant presence of witchcraft in Africa are often sensationalized. That's because much of what the West calls witchcraft is merely the use of local remedies, often plant-based formulas, made by traditional community healers -- something residents have done for centuries.

While in North America the word "witchcraft" conjures up stereotypical images of broom-riding women with green faces, in Africa it often involves herbs and rituals that can be beneficial.

After the civil war in Sierra Leone, for example, many former child soldiers were welcomed back into their communities only after an elaborate cleansing ceremony that included fasting, repentance, and bathing in local rivers. This was an essential form of social acceptance and forgiveness for the children, whose role in the war initially left them outcast.

There are also some extreme cases where evil spirits are blamed for everything from HIV symptoms -- like in Kimutai's village -- to the death of a community member. These can lead to suspected victims of possession being banished from their community, or in some cases, calls for an exorcism.

Despite the attention these incidences can attract, they are not the norm and certainly not a reflection of traditional healing on the continent, warns a York University professor and expert on African culture.

"There are particular groups in particular regions that practice exorcism," explains Pablo Idahosa, the director of York's African Studies Program.

"You can't generalize. It's like saying Canadians practice exorcism when it's actually just a community in Montreal."

Idahosa points to the rise of fundamentalist evangelical Christianity as a driving force behind these severe forms of witchcraft. He also says that impoverished locals sometimes have no choice but to visit witch doctors, as hospitals are just too expensive for them.

"A lot of this has to do with poverty," he explains.

In these extreme cases, affordable education and health care programs would help dispel myths about evil spirits and deter the use of witch doctors and exorcism.

At the same time, they could empower community healers to join the fight against diseases like AIDS by creating localized approaches that combine traditional and modern medicine -- exactly what Kimutai wants to see.

Not all African traditional beliefs are a threat.

Local healers there have been enriching communities for generations and can play a very important role in both modern medicine and social cohesion.

Understanding this can go a long way in better appreciating an often misunderstood continent.

Craig and Marc Kielburger co-founded Free the Children. The primary goal of the organization is to free children from poverty and exploitation through education.

Exorcist trio face jail for torturing 'witch', 8

Cruelty case highlights plight of children caught by unholy mix of wild evangelicals and possession

The Sunday Times, Great Britain/June 4, 2005
By Nicola Woolcock

Three people who tortured an eight-year-old girl in brutal exorcism rites because they believed that she was a witch are facing long jail sentences after being convicted yesterday of child cruelty.

Sita Kisanga, 36, Sebastian Pinto, 33, and the child’s aunt, who cannot be identified, were found guilty of subjecting the child to 15 months of beatings and starvation. The girl, who testified at the Old Bailey trial via a video link, is believed to be among hundreds of African children in the UK subjected to ritual abuse because of a belief in witchcraft fostered by the growth of unregulated evangelical churches.

In the wake of this case — and the murders of Victoria Climbie and Adam, the boy whose torso was found in the Thames — Scotland Yard has established Project Violet to tackle such crimes. The team was set up partly because the abuse of the girl was uncovered through “luck and chance”.

Five other investigations — four in London and one in the South West — are currently ongoing. In each case families allegedly believed that their children were possessed and wanted them to undergo exorcism.

Directors of Social Services across the UK have been alerted to the dangers posed by the belief in witchcraft and told to take a proactive approach with fringe churches.

The 38-year-old aunt began crying shortly before the verdicts were delivered. Kisanga smirked and Pinto remained impassive. Judge Christopher Moss said that prison terms were “inevitable” when the three, who are related, return for sentencing next month.

The aunt was found guilty of four counts of cruelty for slapping the girl, hitting her with a shoe and a belt, starving her, rubbing chili peppers in her eyes, cutting her with a knife, and zipping her inside a laundry bag to make her think she would be thrown away.

Kisanga, of Hackney, East London, and Pinto, of Stoke Newington, North London, were convicted of aiding and abetting child cruelty. The two women were cleared of conspiracy to murder.

The girl’s plight was uncovered when she was found barefoot on the steps of a council flat in November 2003, 15 months after she was brought to Britain from Angola by her aunt. The girl was taken into care by Hackney Council but returned to her aunt a month later. The first doctor to examine her missed 43 wounds and scars on her body. She later said that she did not notice them because it was late afternoon and the light was dim.

Only after the aunt and child moved house and Haringey Council reopened the case was the full extent of her injuries discovered. The girl was re-interviewed and told police that her aunt was committing the abuse. Hackney Council has now opened an inquiry.

Child welfare groups say that thousands of African children go missing from British schools every year. Because of transient inner-city populations and the sensitivity surrounding race relations, many of the children are impossible to trace. Concerns are rising that many, especially those attending fundamentalist churches, may be subjected to abuse.

Detectives say that they have no way of gauging the true scale of the problem. They remain wary of inflaming relations with ethnic communities and lack the resources to police every suspicious home or place of worship. Many of the new churches, which spring up under the control of self-styled pastors, mix a belief in ndoki [witchcraft] and sorcery with fundamentalist Christianity.

Pardeep Gill, a child abuse expert, said: “More people believed in witchcraft than didn’t and there are tons of these churches. Anyone can say he is a pastor. There are some who use witchcraft as a means of controlling congregations.”

Dr Richard Hoskins, who is a specialist in African studies and advises police, said: “It’s thought children can catch witchcraft by taking infected bread from a witch. The deliverance process requires fasting for three days then the confrontation begins.”

Kisanga had attended the Spiritual Warfare church, in Hackney, which observers say believes fervently in the need for permanent vigilance against the forces of witchcraft. Police say the pastor of the church was co-operative and disapproved strongly of the treatment of the girl.

Detective Inspector Brian Mather, who led the investigation, said: “This was a distressing case involving a child who suffered at the hands of adults who should have cared for and protected her. The girl is now healthy, happy and living with a foster family in London.”

African Witchcraft

  • Theologians believe that there are hundreds of small, unregistered churches practicing exorcisms across Britain
  • In many African churches exorcism takes place after a “possessed” person has fasted for three days
  • “Ndoki” is a term used throughout West Africa to describe witchcraft, or a possessed person
  • In many African societies a medical condition that cannot be treated is often ascribed to the work of an evil-doer, or “ndoki”
  • Children are specially susceptible to “ndoki”, which they can become by eating bread infected with an evil spirit
  • Exorcism usually involves beating the victim, which has sometimes resulted in death

Note: Also see "Confusion as Climbie church cleared over exorcisms"

Saturday, February 23, 2008

Liberty Foundation Gosipel Ministries




Child Rescue International


Many children in our age are exposed to all kinds of hazards and abuses. The aim of this mission is to remedy children contaminated with witchcraft by casting out demons of witchcraft out from them, and then monitoring them for a total release.


Also children tricked out of their parent’s hand and taken to big cities to either be enslaved or be badly treated, if found wondering are withdrawn and taken to their proper parents in the villages. A film has already been done to promote this outfit already titled "CHILD RESCUE".

http://helen-ukpabio.com/child-rescue.htm


Programme

SNATCHED OUT 2007
FROM: Poverty, untimely death, misfortune, diseases, bareness, generational curses, witchcraft attacks, mermaid possessions etc.

http://helen-ukpabio.com/programme.htm

Thousands of child 'witches' turned on to the streets to starve

Kinshasa sects make fortunes from exorcisms

Naomi is 15 but looks 10. A horrible burn scar shrivels the skin across her chest and shoulder. She had a broken leg, now reset. But her face is calm; she speaks clearly. The physical scars are nothing compared with the trauma she has been through. She is one of the so-called child witches of Kinshasa, rejected by her family and community at six years old and left to survive on the streets. Once she had four siblings and lived with her parents across the river in Brazzaville. Her father died and then her mother. She had to live with her grandfather and aunt, who did not want her. 'Grandfather become sick and my aunt accused me of being a witch. She said, "Why is everyone around sick? They are suffering because of you." Grandfather gave me special water to drink, but it made no difference.

'My aunt said I must leave. The neighbours beat me and burnt me. They said either you must admit to being a witch or we will kill you. There is no place for you here. I went to the church, but they gave me water to drink that made me sick. I said to neighbours, let me sleep somewhere, even in your toilet, but they refused. I was caught by some soldiers and they said, you are a witch - we saw you flying with birds. They said they were going to kill me, but I escaped.'

Naomi gives a smile as she recounts how she found another church which took her in and sent her to Kinshasa. She has ended up in a hostel run by War Child. She is lucky. Tens of thousands of children live in the cemeteries, markets and streets of Kinshasa feeding on rubbish, begging and stealing. Most are there because of witchcraft accusations - mostly from their own families. The phenomenon is spreading, with recent cases of child abuse motivated by the belief that the child is possessed by evil spirits, showing up in London, Paris and Amsterdam.

I found Nelphy Lelu, a lanky 14-year-old, in another Kinshasa hostel. He has British citizenship and until recently he went to New Rush Hall School in Hainault, north-east London, and speaks with a soft London accent. He dreamt a man in black was trying to kill him and told his mother, who took him to a church in Tottenham, where the pastor declared him to be a witch. His mother beat him and he was taken into care before his mother brought him to Kinshasa. There he was sent to his grandmother, where the beatings continued.

As Congolese society has disintegrated, undermined by the country's rulers and ravaged by Aids and poverty, the family has collapsed. Children have been the main victims, often accused of witchcraft when families suffer misfortunes.

'Thirty years ago this did not exist,' says Remy Mafu, the director of the Rejeer project for street children. 'Now it's a huge problem and difficult to know how to deal with it.'

He estimates there are between 25,000 and 50,000 children on the streets of Kinshasa, a city of seven million. Many - if not most - have been accused of witchcraft and rejected by their families. The roots lie in a distorted development of African culture. Witchcraft does not mean in Africa what it means in Europe. Traditionally in Congo, every community had mediums who communicated with spirits in the other world. These were usually older people, revered and respected. The spirits they communed with or were possessed by were usually neither good nor bad, simply powerful.

'In African culture, when something goes wrong, we ask the spirits to find the human cause,' Mafu explains. 'These days children are accused. They can be persuaded to accept it's their fault. They tell themselves "it is me, I am evil".'

Then there are the new fundamentalist Christian sects, of which there are thousands in Kinshasa. They make money out of identifying 'witches' and increasingly parents bring troublesome children to the pastors. 'It's a business,' says Mafu. 'For a fee of $5 or $10 they investigate the children and confirm they are possessed. For a further fee they take the child and exorcise them, often keeping them without food for days, beating and torturing them to chase out the devil.'

Children who do well in school can also be accused of witchcraft. The common charge is they have been seen flying or eating human flesh. Their confessions of killing and eating relatives are broadcast live on TV channels owned by evangelical churches. What once seemed aberrations from extremist sects now seem to be becoming commonplace.

Friday, February 22, 2008

Other Pictures:





A street child, 12 years who was gang raped and subsequently totured to death, lying besides the Union Bank, Eket branch. She was hurriedly burried oat that spot. This is the fate of many street kids in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
No thanks to witchcraft belief.





Very pathetic,though, a girl, 11years old died during the process of rescue.





A pastor from
Oron brought his son for deliverance to CRARN and the child was 'delivered' in the CRARN style





A widow from Oron Akwa Ibom State brought her children for deliverance. CRARN counseled her and the children. they are now living happily.



Pastor Joseph Ita runs the Liberty Gospel church in Eket, and

believes children, including babies, become witches by being passed poisoned food


Photograph: Robin Hammond/The Observer

A woman’s unborn baby is delivered during a midnight service in Akwa Ibom

Photograph: Robin Hammond/The Observer

Imabong Etim Otoyo, the mother who abandoned her 5 year old twin boys

Photograph: Robin Hammond/The Observer


Chief Joe Inuaesiet, the tribal chief of Uquo and Eket. He is a rare wise voice against those who are preaching witchcraft

Photograph: Robin Hammond/The Observer

Pictures & Stories of the Children



3/23/08
There have been continued attacks on the children living on the street spceially those at the Eket Sport Stadium in recent times. The children were again attacked last week by some irate gang. The following sustained severe injuries. They are Udoh, Friday and Joe. Though Udoh was not touched by the gang, he however jumped from the fence of the stadium, heat his leg on a stone which caused him fracture on his left leg. That means he may not be able to walk for about five month.
Friday, Udoh's brother and Joe suffered the worst beating of their lives, with injuries all over the bodies.
They said the attackers accused them of stealing cartons of indomie, crates of beer and minerals, parkets of cigarretes. They were also accused of stealing about seven chicken, a live dog, carton of milk and bread.
When I asked them why they were attacked, they said one Cicilia, 14 lead three of the boys ( Isreal {aka Udo}, Udofia and the little David, 9 )who burgled some stores at Atabong street in Eket. They were seen lying absolutely necked (and Friday in coma )beside the road with rope round their necks by the Gov Godswill Akpabio joint task force (Police and military) security team and taken to the hospital but were rejected
As CRARN went to pick them to the CRARN Shelter, one of the attendats in a respond to one of my questions, "...They are all necked and are they not thesechildren called witchesroaming the streets. They are now receiving treatment at CRARN. The man treating Udoh says he will collect N25,000 while Ellie, the CRARN NURSE projects the treatment of the two others to cost about N15,000
These children numbering about 18, do not have a definite place to stay. They usually squart around the Mobil Management Housing Estate (MHE),Eket Sport Stadium, Nka and Fiong Etuk Markets, The Mobil Mart- Mobil Filling Station. Before now, two of the girls were gang-raped and later disappeared in mysterious circumstances
CRARN finds it extremely difficult to go and pick all of them to our shelter. In the past three years, we have picked about 35 in these same spots to our centre Now numbering 141 in the CRARN Centre
. The reluctance by the Government to proscribe churches notorious for branding children witches and prosecute perpetrators- the so called men of God has continued to increase the number of street and trafficked children. This, undoubtedly, is giving us a serious cause to worry



Mr Bill Bailey, a British distinguished friend of CRARN, and Pilot from Bristow Hellicopters (Charities) with children and Directors of CRARN after he donated fund from his Company for the construction a new class room block at CRARN Academy


National Youth Service Corps, counselling the children at CRARN after making some food donation.



CRARN children returning from school







Rev Mrs Philis Sortor of the Free Methodist Church, USA, presenting a wheel chair to Akpan Samuel who was picked by the Nigeria Navy, Ibaka Mbo, Oron Axis having been dropped by fleeing traffickers, but now in the CRARN Children Center.

Akpan Samuel who is undergoing TB treatment, in his new wheel chair donated by Rev Mrs Philis Sortor of the free Methodist Church, USA.


150 kids in the CRARN CHILDREN CENTER




CRARN's Children's Academy





Miss Enobong Samuel Charles Presenting a petition signed by more than 1000 people and more than 30 countries to Governor Godswill Akpabio to stop the stigmatisation and killing of children as witches. This petition was put up by Kelli Stowe, Califonia, USA.




Jane Ikpe Essien whose mother used saw to cut her face then bannished her to live and fed by a mad woman, having been identified as witch. She is expressing her joy and bitterness at the UNICEF/NAPTIP workshop at Uyo-Nigeria.






'Reunification of children with family' shows Mr Sam Ikpe Itauma President of CRARN paying an unscheduled visit to a family at Oron to ascertain the fate of a reunited child, Good news.




Children protesting to the Governor: Almost 200 stigmatised children prosting their innocence as witches to the Governor of Akwa Ibom State, Chief Godswill Akpabio and demanding the Childs Right Act to be passed into law.





These are some of the many street children yet to be rescured from the streets. They are currently camping at the Eket Sport Stadium and the Mobil Petrol Station (Mobil Mart)



Comfort Bassey who was burnt by the Brother using petrol.



Uduak Eyo who never new her father from Adam and the mother travelled to Lagos while she was 7. She was taken care of the grand mother. Uduak aunt, Rachael was seek, got swollen stomach; a witch child (Abednego) was brought to screen Uduak if she was a witch. He confirmed Uduak a witch. Since then Uduak began to face torture. She was 'tied with rope on her leg and hanged upside down for weeks in Bible Believers Church in Esit Eket...' where the rope injured her severely.


Jane Ikpe whom the mother used saw and cut her claiming for making her to lost her husband and causing the poverty in the house. She was abandoned at 6.


A child who was attacked and ran to CRARN. And the resurrected Michael who was beaten to a state of coma in Eyobia, Oron, bundled and dumped at Ikot Ubo, Nsit Ubium when presuming him death.


Children who escaped death and took refuge at the Forward Operation Base (FOB) Nigerian Navy, Ibaka Mbo LGA - Oron axis having watched as their colleagues were pierced hot pokers into their anus by adults and they died.


A girl (Happiness),9, opposite Exxon-Mobil Terminal Ibeno, soothing her broken bones. She was picked to the CRARN Centre through a distress call from one passionate Capt Nat Ovuerherhe of the Mobil Aviation Dept who started, and was willing to fund her medical bill. She was later taken to the Commissioner of Women Affairs & Social Welfare, Akwa Ibom State at the instance of Dr Eleanor Nwadinobi, a UNICEF Consultant who visited CRARN on the way forward of these children's issue.

And the other picture is Edidiong Affia, still in CRARN who was tortured by the father and step-mother claiming she has taken all their belongings to witcraft coven and caused them to poor.



A child rescued by the Nigerian Navy, Forward Operation Based (FOB) Ibaka Mbo L.G.A and issue a distress call to CRARN.





Richard who is bleeding profusely from injury deliberately inflicted on him by a colleague in their carpentry workshop outside CRARN.






A child who suffered assault on the street now receive treatment at the Immanuuel General hospital Eket.




A child of about 12 years lying down in her urine at Ibaka Market in Mbo L.G.A. She sub-conscious at the moment I (Sam Ikpe-Itauma, President of CRARN) just picked her to the hospital. A Naval Officer at forward Operation Base Ibaka yester sent a distress called on her behalf for CRARN to come and rescue. She has wounds all over her body and cannot eat solid food at the moment.



Arrival of Sam Ikpe-Itauma, President of CRARN
and the yet-to-be identified child from Ibaka Market
Beach, Mbo to the CRARN Children Camp.





UNICEF Chief, 'A' Field Office, Enugu Zone
Mrs Pelucy Ntambirweki presenting food items,
TV, DVD and other items to the CRARN children she is in
company of Mrs Nneka Oguagha and other staff.




UNICEF crew and the CRARN children
and some members and volunteers.



UNICEF AND CRARN






Twin boys Itohowo and Kufre stand surrounded by angry villagers who believe they are bringing evil to their lives

Photograph: Robin Hammond/The Observer


Eleven-year-old Mbet was abandoned by her mother when she was six after being accused of being a witch


Photograph: Robin Hammond/The Observer

Mary Sudnad is 10. She was seven when her mother poured scalding water and caustic soda over her in a bid to cleanse her of witchcraft

Photograph: Robin Hammond/The Observer



A large nail was driven into this girl’s head. Nwaeka is about 16, and now badly brain damaged

Photograph: Robin Hammond/The Observer

Gerry is eight. His father spat petrol over him and set him alight - he blamed Gerry’s sorcery for the loss of his job

Photograph: Robin Hammond/The Observer

Angry villagers set upon Udo, 12, with a machete, accusing him of being a witch. His arm was nearly severed

Photograph: Robin Hammond/The Observer

Ekemini Abia is 13. Her father tied her to a tree by her ankles and left her there. She was found, half-starved, over a week later

Photograph: Robin Hammond/The Observer

Nails were driven in around the top of Etido’s head - he is about nine and rarely speaks


Sisters Victoria, four, and Helen, seven. They were left alone in an old shack and survived by eating leaves and grass

Photograph: The Observer


Twin brothers Utomobong and Mbotidem are 11. They were blamed for their parents' separation, beaten and thrown out of their home

Photograph: Robin Hammond/The Observer

Siblings Samuel, 11, Esther, 14, and Sarah, 10, were all abandoned by their parents to a life on the streets after a ‘prophetess’ - female preacher - said they were witches

Photograph: Robin Hammond /The Observer


Twelve-year-old William was abandoned after being labeled a witch

Photograph: Robin Hammond/The Observe

Twelve-year-old William was abandoned after being labeled a witch

Photograph: Robin Hammond/The Observe

Sunday, February 3, 2008

Street Kids As 'Witches' And 'Wizards'


On her part, 11-year-old Mary Sunday Udo from Mbo in Mbo Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, with a rough acid scar on her forehead, said: "I am in Primary 2. My mother poured acid on me, saying I am a witch because they said so at Qua Iboe Church in Oron. My mother and father, who are now living in Efoi in Eket Local Government Council, threw me out of the house and left me to suffer and fend for myself. My father's name is Emman Sunday Udo and my mother, Esther Sunday Udo. We are three children in the family. No one took me to the hospital and I roamed the streets of Eket like that until the wound healed naturally. Sometimes, other children would flog me and chase me away, saying I am a witch.

"I had no house to stay so I joined other children at the tent in the bush by Marina Road. Sometimes we dispose refuse for people to get money to cook and eat or we get food from refuse or the bush. Adult men sometimes come around at night and want to make love to us (the girls) but we will run away. The small boys with us sometimes go to steal for us to eat. It was hell for us until we were rescued."

TWELVE-year-old Ekemini Okon Samuel, stigmatized as a witch and abandoned before the Child Rights and Rehabilitation Network (CRARN) in Eket Local Government Government area of Akwa Ibom State rescued her last month, was in tears when she told her story: "The Methodist Church in Afaha-Akpenedi, Esit Eket said I am a witch and since then, my father started maltreating me. My father tied my hands and legs with a hard rope and locked me up in a shed where we keep goats and chicken. He kept me there without food and water and every morning, he will come beating me and tie me the more.

"My father was always maltreating me and nobody cared. He said I was a witch. When he realized that I was malnourished and dying, he loosened me and dumped me in the bush to die until my elder brother who brought me here, rescued me.

"Before now, I lived a normal life at home and school. I attended primary school at Afaha Akpenedi and I was in Primary 5. My father was always beating me and the church never cared. I am not a witch and I don't experience anything strange as a witch."

Another victim, Udo Etim Nkankanta, also 12, from Ikot Ekpene Udo in Nsit Ubiom, in tears, told his own story in his native Ibibio dialect: "I have never been to school before. My father never sent me to school. The local church in my area said I am a witch and my father and people in the community abandoned me. My father tied me to a pillar and beat me mercilessly until my left arm got broken and the bone shot out. He even put fire in my mouth and tortures me, saying that I am the devil causing all his problems. One day, some primary school children came around and started calling me a witch and took me to the nearby primary school at Ikot Akpene Udo, beat me and tried to burn me alive. They ran away when somebody came around."

CRARN finally rescued Udo in a bush. His arm was decaying and the bone was sticking out, with the sore covered with flies. He was malnourished and dying gradually before he was taken to the hospital.

Another victim, Master Michael Ita Isang, about nine years old from Oyoabasi in Oron, apparently shy and nervous, could not speak. But the President of CRARN, Mr. Sam Ikpe Itauma, narrated his story. "On August 15 this year, one of my coordinators met Michael along the Eket-Oron Road at Ikot Ubo, lying down in the flood. He stopped and tried to wake him up but Michael would not move and my coordinator presumed unknown persons must have killed him. So he left.

"The following day, we went back to the scene but we did not find him. After some search, we spotted him inside the bush eating palm fruits. We took him in, dressed him up and brought him to the center and gave him first aid. He was dirty, malnourished and like a skeleton. He told us that his father took him to one Jesus Divine Ministry in Oron and the pastor said he and his sister were witches. Michael resisted but Esther, his sister, accepted under torture and they claimed they carried out deliverance on her.

"At a point, their father became ill and later died and everyone suspected Michael to have killed him with his witchcraft. His stepmother and father went to ascertain the cause of his father's death but discovered nothing. But they were always beating him up until Michael, then in JSS 1, found himself in the bush at Ikot Ubo."

In Calabar, the story is almost the same. Gideon Edet Okon, 13, disclosed: "For the past three years, I have lived in the park (Etim Edem Motor Park) and I earned my living by loading and running errand. On a good day, I make between N200 and N400. We live and rise with the big boys, who are thieves, but I don't steal. When they ask us to go for robbery, they will beat us when we resist.

"My father is sick and diabetic and my mother has since run away. I now also fend for my father. In most cases, I go to places of ceremonies to get remnants of food, especially at the State Library Complex. Sometimes I squat with my kid friends at a big building along the Highway, near an abandoned filling station.

"One big man, a soldier, very fat and dark is in charge of the house as security man. We helped him to cut the grass in the big compound. The man all the time will take one person to a room and make love to us through the anus. He did it to me once and after that, I ran away but he does it to other kids who continued to stay with him. Occasionally, I sleep in the park or my father's house at 29 Calabar Road, Calabar."

Inemesit Ekanem from Obioikot Ita, 10, Effiong Victor Okon, 10 and Ubong Asuquo Nyong from Akpabuyo Council of Cross River State suffered similar fate. For close to three years, they lived in the park and sometimes with the unknown soldier-security man. They have nowhere to sleep and don't go to school. Like many others, they carry load in the park to survive and go to public events and ceremonies to pick remnants of food.

Inemesit claimed that his father lives on Academy Street in Calabar but several visits there could not trace the man. Ubong, who claims to worship with the Deeper Life Church at Musaha Street, does not know anything about his parents. He has been a destitute on the streets of Calabar as long as he can remember. This is the fate of forsaken children commonly found in Eket, Esit Eket, Mbo and Oron in Akwa Ibom State. Abandoned, they are stigmatized as witches and wizards.

In other parts of Akwa Ibom State such as the capital, Uyo, Ikot Ekpene and Oron, as well as Calabar, Ikom, Ugep, Yala, Ogoja and others in Cross River State, they are fast becoming common sights on the streets, as destitute and hawkers. Some of them are easily taken away to other parts of Nigeria as victims of child trafficking and forced labor. Today, 125 of them have been rescued by CRARN and are currently being rehabilitated at Eket in Akwa Ibom State.

Worried by this problem, CRARN, in collaboration with Stepping Stones Nigeria (SSN), moved to rescue the stigmatized children and take them through formal education and rehabilitation at its headquarters in Ikot Afaha. At the CRARN office, the children, aged between three and 13, were seen crowded at the sitting room watching television donated by SSN for their recreation.

The Catholic Church in Eket, the Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saint and the Obong Victor Attah administration in Akwa Ibom State assisted in the construction of a permanent structure for CRARN to rehabilitate the children. One of the volunteers, David Emmanuel Umoren, who goes about searching for and picking children from the streets and bushes, explained: "In the bush, we see them suffering to eat in the small huts or tents they built in the bush. These huts, which they use waterproofs and abandoned rusty zincs to build, are just barely three feet high. They eat by sometimes going to people's farmland to steal cassava. Sometimes you see them around dustbins, picking garbage to eat in the name of food. The bad boys and okada riders go raping the girls at late night. Yet, some people turn around to say they are witches."

Umoren added: "At the initial stage, we experienced resistance because they did not know what we were doing. Sometimes you pick two out of three and one is left. Later, the one left will naturally follow. We have experienced cases of a few of them running away from the camp because they are used to street life and they feel uncomfortable with a place like this."

CRARN's President, Sam Ikpe Itauma, disclosed that he started the project in June 2003 when some people attacked some abandoned children in Eket. With scores of children found everywhere, he felt bad about it and tried to reach out to some friends to see how they could set up a non-governmental organization (NGO) to protect these children. At a point, they realized that protecting them alone was not enough. So in 2004, they came together to see how they could rehabilitate them, since no other organization was into rehabilitating abandoned children.

Now, CRARN is introducing skills acquisition to empower the children and equip them for the future. For now, the girls are being taught how to sew, with hairdressing to follow soon. The boys are made to learn carpentry, spraying, painting and other skills while still schooling at the CRARN Children Academy.

Eket-born Itauma, who is very familiar with stories of witchcraft in the area, laughed off that since his relationship with the children started, he had never heard any funny sound of witchcraft and his association with them had not had any effect on him, especially as he does not believe that anything can happen to him.

"I have been working with this children for the past four years. No child has metamorphosed into a cat, no child has hurt me and all of them are very lovely children, except that as normal children, they exhibit traits of stubbornness," he said.

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Niger Delta Social Services Agency,Missing Children

Children of Nigeria

Witch Children in Nigeria!

Children Learn What They Live (2005)

If a child lives with criticism, he learns to feel discouraged

If a child lives with hostility, he learns to feel angry

If a child lives with violence, he learns to feel afraid

If a child lives with dishonesty, he learns to feel suspicious

If a child lives with judgement, he learns to feel guilty

If a child lives with ridicule, he learns to feel ashamed

If a child lives with disorder, he learns to feel confused

If a child lives with disappointment, he learns to feel helpless

If a child lives with silence, he learns to feel lonely

BUT

If a child lives with protection, he learns to feel safe

If a child lives with honesty, he learns to feel trustful

If a child lives with peace, he learns to feel calm

If a child lives with sharing, he learns to feel thankful

If a child lives with understanding, he learns to feel encouraged

If a child lives with laughter, he learns to feel happy

If a child lives with creativity, he learns to feel inspired

If a child lives with choice, he learns to feel free

If a child lives with community, he learns to feel supported

If a child lives with accomplishment, he learns to feel confident

If a child lives with meaning, he learns to feel fulfilled

If a child lives with love, he learns to feel tender

by Duen Hsi Yen

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